International

What central banks can do when shocks come from outside

Addressing external shocks: central bank strategies

External shocks—ranging from commodity-price spikes, wars, and pandemics to foreign monetary tightening and sudden stops of capital—pose immediate and diverse challenges for central banks. The appropr...

Economy

Istanbul, in Turkey: What makes a retail concept scalable across diverse neighborhoods

Scaling retail in Istanbul: a guide to neighborhood diversity

Istanbul is a megacity of contrasts: dense historic cores, high-tourist corridors, modern business districts, sprawling suburban neighborhoods, and two continents linked by ferries...

Investments and Business

Why America’s rich keep getting richer

What drives the growing prosperity of America’s rich?

While many Americans have seen their finances improve in recent years, the gains have not been shared equally. Wealthier households continue to accumulate assets and expand their economic influence, while middle- and lower-income families face growing barriers tied to inflation, ...